不同药物诱导的小鼠癫痫模型的差异性研究

Comparison of seizure induced by different drugs in ICR Mice

目的:比较ICR小鼠对常用致痫药物匹罗卡品、红藻氨酸以及戊四氮的差异性反应,为ICR品系小鼠用作常规癫痫研究奠定基础。方法:成年雄性ICR小鼠给予不同的药物(匹罗卡品、红藻氨酸、戊四氮)诱发急性痫性发作,在癫痫持续状态发作(SE)2h后终止,分别于造模后7 d采用Fluro-Jade B染色观察兴奋性神经元死亡和28 d后采用Timm染色检测苔藓纤维发芽状况,并于造模之日起录像监测自发性癫痫的发生。结果:ICR小鼠经匹罗卡品和红藻氨酸给药后均能诱发出典型的SE,癫痫发作与大鼠和C57/BL6小鼠非常类似,给药后逐渐出现凝视、点头、面部及头部抽搐、全身肌阵挛、跌倒,大、小便失禁及流涎,最终发生全身强直-阵挛性发作、癫痫持续状态。两者Timm染色均能观察到明显的苔藓纤维发芽(P<0.001),且均观测到自发性癫痫的发生,发生几率分别为57.1%和35.7%;戊四氮则表现为间断式的SE,且未见苔藓纤维发芽和自发性癫痫的发生。3种模型均未见明显神经元细胞死亡。结论:ICR品系小鼠能诱发出与大鼠C57/BL6小鼠类似的癫痫,其中匹罗卡品和红藻氨酸模型是理想的慢性颞叶癫痫模型。ICR品系小鼠作为既经济又有效的模型动物,可常规用于药物筛选和癫痫机制研究。

Objective： To compare seizure induced by different epileptic drugs in ICR mice. Methods： Male adult ICR mice were injected with pilocarpine （Pilo）, kainie acid （KA） and pentylenetetrazole （PTZ） to induce status epilepticus （SE）. After 2 h of SE, seizures were terminated by injection of diazepam. Mice were sacrificed and sectioned for assessment of neuronal cell death by Fluro- Jade B staining after 7 d and mossy fiber sprouting by Timm staining after 28 d, respectively. Spontaneous seizures were detected by video for 28 d. Results： Pilo and KA induced typical SE in ICR mice, which was identical to those observed in rats and C57/BL6 mice. Timm staining showed evident mossy fiber sprouting in both Pilo and KA treated mice. The incidences of spontaneous seizure were 57. 1% and 35.7% in Pilo and KA treated mice,respectively. Mice treated with PTZ represented kindling model. No mossy fiber sprouting and spontaneous seizures were observed. No cell death was detected in all three groups. Conclusions： Similar seizure pattern is observed in ICR mice as in rats and C57/BL6 mice. Both Pilo and KA model are the ideal models for chronic temporal lobe epilepsy. ICR mice can be widely used as a cheaper substitute in epilepsy research.