城市化对上海市不同地区蚜虫多样性的影响

The effect ofurbanization on aphid diversity in different areas of Shanghai

为掌握上海市不同地区城市化水平对蚜虫多样性的影响,2010和2011年4-6月对上海市中心城区、城郊和远郊3种不同城市化地区蚜虫种类进行了调查,共获得蚜虫标本350号,隶属6科38属61种。统计分析表明:城郊地区蚜虫种类数最多,为43种;市中心城区最少,29种;远郊农村地区种类数介于两者之间。从Shannon-Wiener指数看:城郊地区多样性指数最高,市中心城区最低,远郊农村地区介于两者之间。沿城市化生境梯度,蚜虫多样性呈先增加后减少的趋势。Sorenson相似性分析表明:城郊地区和远郊农村地区相似性系数最高(0.625),具有相同蚜虫种类数最多;市中心城区和远郊农村地区相似性系数最低(0.515),具有相同蚜虫种类数最少。城市化不同发展水平对蚜虫多样性具有显著影响,蚜虫多样性可以作为衡量上海城市化程度的参考指标之一。

In order to grasp the effects of urbanization levels on aphid diversity,a survey of aphid species in different-urbanization-level areas were conducted in Shanghai urban,suburban and exurban areas in April-June of 2010-2011,and a total of 350 specimens were collected,belonging to 61 species,38 genera and 6 families.The statistical analysis showed that in terms of aphid species,the suburban area was the most or 43,the urban area was the least or 29,and the exurban area was between them.In terms of Shannon-Wiener index,the suburban area was the highest,the urban area was the lowest and the exurban area was between them.Along the city habitat gradient,the aphid diversity presented a trend of first increasing and then declining.The Sorenson similarity analysis showed that the similarity coefficient of the suburban and exurban areas was the highest（0.625）while that of the urban and exurban areas was the lowest （0.515）.The aphid diversity was significantly influenced by urbanization levels and could be used as one of reference indexes of Shanghai urbanization level.