城市最优规模与劳动力实际工资率关系研究——基于新经济地理学的视角

Relationship between the Urban Optimal Size and Labor's Real Wage Rate: Based on the New Economic Geography Perspective

在新经济地理学提供的从微观个体推演宏观区位的理论方法基础上,建立厂商内部规模经济、外部规模经济与规模不经济三种效应影响下的,以城市劳动力实际工资率衡量的城市最优规模的理论模型,并通过数值模拟对三种效应分别进行单一效应的模拟比较静态分析和三种效应的交互作用分析。结果显示:在城市的实际工资率与城市最优规模存在着倒U型的稳定关系,也即理论上存在着使得劳动力获得最高工资率的城市最优规模;三种效应对城市最优规模的影响不同,发展城市最优规模需要综合考虑三种效应的交互作用。

This paper is based on the New Economic Geography （NEG）＇s theoretical perspective of concluding the macroscopic location from the micro individual economic choice. It builds the theoretical model of the urban optimal size measured by the labor＇s real income, which takes not only internal econo- mies of scale, but also external economies of scale and diseconomies of scale into account. The numerical simulations about the three effects show that the ＂inverse U＂ relationship between the labor real income and urban optimal size is steady. And different situations of these effects affect the urban optimal size and labor ＇s real income differently. It is necessary to consider the concrete contrast condition of these effects to a- chieve the urban optimal size.