橡胶树重要品系对胶孢炭疽菌抗性评价

Evaluation of the resistance of 46 rubber tree clones to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

橡胶树抗性种质的鉴定与利用是控制橡胶树炭疽病的一项重要措施。采用室内离体橡胶叶接种法、田间种质圃人工接种和自然发病条件下定期田间病害调查方法,2011-2012年在海南省儋州开展46份重要橡胶树种质对胶孢炭疽菌病抗性鉴定和评价。把抗炭疽病程度划分为高度抗病(HR)、抗病(R)、中度感病(MS)、感病(S)和高度感病(HS)共5个级别,根据抗性评价结果分析得出:高度抗病(HR)类型的0份;抗病(R)类型8份,占17.39%;中度感病(MS)类型19份,占41.30%;感病(S)类型16份,占34.78%;高度感病(HS)类型3份,占6.52%。筛选出的抗病品种,是今后可利用的抗性种质资源。本研究结果为炭疽病抗性种质资源的利用、培育及病害管理提供参考数据。

Identification of resistant clones is a major strategy in the management of Colletotrichum leaf disease （CLD） of rubber.Three methods for identifying resistance/susceptibility to CLD of 46 rubber clones were examined in this study at Danzhou of Hainan province from 2011 to 2012.The resistance was divided into 5 grades：highly resistant （HR）,resistant （R）,moderately susceptible （MS）,susceptible （S）,and highly susceptible （HS）.The results showed that among the 46 rubber clones,there were 0 highly resistant （HR）,8 resistant （R）,19 moderately susceptible （MS）,16 susceptible （S）,and 3 highly susceptible （HS）,accounting for 0％,17.39％,41.30％,34.78％ and 6.52％,respectively.Copper brown leaves were the most susceptible to the pathogen.Annual occurrence of disease could be divided into two periods：the frequent period and infrequently occurring period.Environmental factors against the rubber tree would aggravate the disease.The results of our research provided important information for disease-resistant breeding,clone utilization as well as the management of CLD.