我国主栽抗虫棉品种棉铃病害发生种类和抗性比较

Cotton boll rot types and comparison of the resistance of main cultivated cotton varieties in China

本研究对生产上大面积推广过的棉花品种和国家棉花品种区域试验2012年黄河流域点参试品种及其抗病对照‘中植棉2号’、感病对照‘冀棉11’,共40个品种（品系）进行了铃病发生情况调查.田间铃病的发生以红腐、红粉为主,分别占45.8％、26.7％;其次是疫病（16.7％）和黑果病（10.8％）.利用SAS软件将烂铃率进行聚类分析（离差平方和法）,可以把供试的40份材料分成3类,第一类为铃病发生较轻类型,铃病发生率为4.6％～10.7％;第二类为铃病发生中等类型,铃病发生率为9.8％～13.6％;第三类为铃病发生较重类型,铃病发生率为17.5％～24.4％.结果表明,陆地棉不同品种之间对铃病的抗性差异显著,棉花育种中应注意选育对铃病抗性较好的品种.

Occurrence of boll rot was investigated among 40 cotton varieties （lines）,including 8 national authorized cotton varieties planted in large areas,30 varieties in the national cotton variety regional test of 2012,‘ Zhongzhimian 2＇ （the control variety for resistant） and ‘Jimian 11 ＇ （the control variety for susceptible）.Fusarium rot and pink boll rot were the main boll rot in the field,accounting for 45.8％ and 26.7％,respectively,followed by blight （16.7％） and cotton diplodia boll rot （10.8％）.Cluster analysis of incidence of boll rot using SAS software by semi-partial R-squared method show that the 40 varieties （lines） could be divided into three categories.The first group was lighter type with boll rot incidence of 4.6％ to 10.7％ ; the second group was moderate type with boll rot incidence of 9.8％ to 13.6％ ; the third group was heavy type with boll rot incidence of 17.5％ to 24.4％.The results showed that the resistances to boll rot among upland cotton varieties were significantly different.Breeders should pay more attention to the resistance of different varieties to boll rot in breeding.