花卉植物对污泥中重金属的去除效果——以吊兰和蝴蝶梅为例

The removal of heavy metals in sludge plants——to Chlorophytum comosum and butterflies Mei for example

采用盆栽土培方法,将剩余污泥与供试土壤按质量比为0:3、1:2、2:1和3:0配比,吊兰和蝴蝶梅栽培幼苗,定期测定植物的株高、根长、干重、鲜重等生物量和叶绿素与根活力变化,以及植物体内Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb和Cr等的重金属含量变化;测定种植前后植物根系旁污泥中的重金属含量和重金属的EDTA提取含量等结果表明,吊兰对多种重金属具有很好的耐性,受重金属影响不大。吊兰对Cr和Zn的富集效果较好,对Cr的富集系数在某个特定的生长期是大于1,且它对Zn的富集效果较稳定,不易受重金属浓度的影响。由于吊兰具有生物量大、根系发达、生物量增长迅速等优点,其有利于被重金属污染的土壤改良。而蝴蝶梅因为根系不发达和生物量较小等原因,对重金属的耐性不强,生长中易受重金属影响,因此不宜用于修复污染土壤的植物。

by using the method of pot culture, the remaining sludge and soils according to the mass ratio of 0：3, 1：2, 2：1 and 3：0 ratio, Chlorophytum comosum and butterflies Met cultivation of seedlings, regular measurement of plant height, root length, dry weight, fresh weight and biomass and chlorophyll and root activity, the variation of heavy metal content and Cu, Zn, Cd plants, Pb and Cr before and after planting; Determination of content of heavy metals and heavy metals in sludge plant roots by EDTA extraction content shows, Chlorophytum comosum has good tolerance to heavy metals, not affected by the impact of heavy metals. Better enrichment effect on Cr and Zn plants, the enrichment coefficient of Cr in a certain period of growth is greater than 1, and the Zn enrichment effect is stable, not easily affected by heavy metal concentration. The spider has the advantages of high biomass, developed root system, biomass increased rapidly, which is beneficial to the improvement of soil heavy metal pollution. Butterfly Met because less developed root and blomass of small and other reasons, the heavy metal tolerance is not strong, vulnerable to the impact of heavy metals in growth, and therefore should not be used for remediation of contaminated soil plant.