“混杂性”概念在后殖民文化语境中的植入及内涵衍变

The Development of Demarcation and Connotation of Hybridity in Postcolonial Cultural Context

"混杂性"是当今文化理论研究的热点,是后殖民主义理论的关键词。混杂性本为生物学术语,在十九世纪殖民种族主义话语中,沾染了负面的种族与文化内涵。法农等反殖民族知识分子批判了种族主义的混杂观。至二十世纪八、九十年代,混杂性的内涵得到了进一步的发展。萨义德强调了文化混杂性的普遍存在,驳斥了帝国主义与民族主义的文化本质主义与文化纯粹观。霍米·巴巴从语言与文化层面论述了混杂性的颠覆力与能动性,建构了混杂性理论体系。"混杂性"概念在后殖民文化语境中的植入与内涵衍变,反映出不同的意识形态理念。

Hybridity is a hotspot in current culture studies as well as a key term in postcolonialism. Hybridity is a biological term in origin. It is contaminated with negative racial and cultural connotation in the nineteenth century colonial racist discourse. Fanon and other anti-colonial intellectuals criticize the racial connotation of hybridity. In 1980s and 1990s, there is further connotative development of hybridity. Said emphasizes permeating existence of cultural hybridity to refute imperialist and nationalist concept of cultural purity and essentialism. Homi Bhabha explores the subversive and initiative nature of hybridity from language and cultural perspectives and constructs the theory of hybridity. Analyzes the development of demarcation and connotation of hybridity in postcolonial cultural context from historical dimension associating with different ideologies, which shows that hybridity should be studied dialectically and context-specifically.