论亚里士多德的宇宙整体——对《形而上学》Λ卷第6、7、8章的解读

On Aristotle's Whole Cosmos——An Explanation of Chapter 6,7 and 8 in Metaphysics

在亚里士多德形而上学研究中《形而上学》Λ卷是最重要的,因为唯有在本卷中,亚氏才兑现了他对不可感实体进行形而上学研究的承诺。亚氏在本卷以回溯的方式达成了他的研究计划,即从可消灭的可感实体回溯到永恒的可感实体,再回溯到永恒的不可感实体。永恒可感的实体是中介性。正是它们才使得不可感实体能够对于地上万物来说同时是超越的和内在的,也正是它们所具备的那些天球运动,才推动了地上可感实体的生成。也正是基于它们的存在,宇宙才成为一个整体。

Book Lambda has always been regarded as the essential part in Aristotle＇ s Metaphysics due to the fact that he studied the insensible substances right in this section. The philosopher had accomplished the research of different substances in a retrospective way, which starts from the perishable to the eternal sensible, and finally reaches the eternal insensible. The metaphysical constitution of Aristotelian cosmolo- gy has been demonstrated with explanations on three chapters in Book Lambda, with which the key role of eternal sensible substances can be exposed, both as the mediator between insensible substances and earth- ly beings, and as the dynamical source for the becoming of the sensible. Finally, based on that substances the cosmos can be known as a whole.