上海市农村妇女乳腺疾病谱及影响因素研究

The Analysis on Female Mastopathies Spectrum and Its Influencing Factors in Rural Areas of Shanghai/

目的了解上海市农村妇女乳腺疾病谱,探讨其影响因素,为乳腺癌防治提供科学依据。方法整群抽取嘉定区某小区全体女性常住居民501人,采用问卷调查其乳腺疾病发生情况、月经史、生育史和家族史等信息,统计分析乳腺疾病影响因素。结果 501名调查对象中发现乳腺疾病183例,患病率为36.5%,按构成比大小排序为乳腺增生(85.8%)、乳腺纤维瘤(7.1%)、乳腺囊肿(4.9%)、乳腺炎(1.6%)和乳腺癌(0.5%)。经统计学分析,乳腺疾病与年龄、受教育程度、婚姻状况、怀孕次数、分娩次数、亲属曾患乳腺癌、1年里有妇科疾病、知晓乳腺自查、定期乳腺自查和1年内做过乳腺自查有关。结论加大乳腺自查技术推广,提高其乳腺自查和检查意识,提高乳腺癌早发现水平,进而提高女性健康。

OBJECTIVE To know female mastopathies spectrum and its influencing factors in rural areas of Shanghai, in order to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. METHODS In cluster sampling method, 501 resident women were investigated about the prevalence of breast disease, menstrual history, reproductive history, family history and other information. The χ2test was adopted to analyze the influencing factors. RESULTS There were 183 mastopathies cases in 501 and the prevalence rate was 36.5%.the composition of mastopathies were the mammary gland hyperplasia（85.8%）, breast fibroma（7.1%）, breast cysts（4.9%）, mastitis（ 1. 6 %） and breast cancer（ 0. 5 %）. The statistical analysis showed that the female mastopathies had related with age, educational level, marital status, number of pregnancies, delivery times, family history of breast cancer and gynecological diseases in one year, knowing the breast self-examination, regular breast self-examination and done within 1 year. CONCLUSION Increasing the promotion of breast self-examination techniques to improve the awareness of breast self-examination and inspection, to improve the level of early detection of breast cancer and to improve the health of women.