烤烟主要农艺性状的遗传分析

Genetic Analysis of the Main Agronomic Traits of Flue-cured Tobacco

为了快速准确地预测烤烟F1的杂种优势,促进强优势杂交组合的选育,采用NCⅡ交配设计的方法,以7个烤烟品种(系)组配了12个杂交组合,探讨了亲本和F1一些主要农艺性状的杂种优势表现,并对其配合力和遗传力进行了分析。结果表明,杂种优势因性状和杂交组合的不同表现出较大的差异,5个性状群体中亲优势大小顺序为株高>叶面积>叶长>叶宽>叶数,群体超亲优势除株高外均呈一定的负向;配合力的研究选出了本研究中较理想的杂交组合及亲本,遗传力的研究表明了各个性状选择较为可靠,但叶宽、叶面积性状受非加性遗传的作用较为突出,宜在较高的世代进行选择。综合各个性状的杂种优势和配合力来看,韭菜坪2号×G28,南江三号×Florda301是较好的组合;Florda301,韭菜坪2号是较好的亲本。

In order to predict the hybrid merits of flue-cured tobacco F1 quickly and accurately, and promote the breeding of the strong advantages of hybrid combination, we used the NCII mating design approach, with seven flue-cured tobacco varieties （strain） forming 12 cross combinations, to explore the heterosis performance of some major agronomic traits about parents and F1, and to analyze their combining ability and heritability. The results showed that heterosis had large discrepancy according to different traits and hybrid combinations. The five traits sort heterosis by size order： plant height〉 leaf area〉 leaf length〉 leaf width〉 number of leaves. The group traits showed a certain negative except plant height. The study of combining ability help to select the relatively ideal hybrid combinations and parents in this research. Meanwhile, the research of parental heritability showed that each trait selection was more reliable, but non-additive heritability had a prominent influence on leaf width and leaf area traits, thus, which should to be chosen in the higher generation. Considering the heterosis and combining ability of all traits, we concluded that Jiucaiping 2 × G28 with the Nanjiang 3× Florda301 is a good combination;and Florda301 and the Jiucaiping 2 were good parents.