广西道地药材山豆根的适宜气候条件分析

Analysis on the Suitable Climatic Factors of Sophora tonkinensis Gapnep. in Guangxi

从广西道地药材山豆根(Sophora tonkinensis Gapnep.)产区7个气候条件差异明显的样地选取21份山豆根样品,测定其生物碱含量,结合相应地点30a气候因子平均值数据,采用逐步回归分析、偏相关分析和通径分析方法,对山豆根生物碱含量与气候因子的数量关系进行分析。结果表明,年平均气温、6、7、8月平均极端高温和年平均降水量是影响山豆根生物碱含量的主导气候因子,共同决定了生物碱含量变化的95.24%,其中年平均降水量是最主要的促进因子,8月平均极端高温是最主要的限制因素。年平均气温<20℃、月平均极端高温<35℃和年降水量>1500mm是优质山豆根产出的适宜气候条件,该指标可作为选择山豆根适种基地的参考指标,为科学合理选择山豆根规范化种植基地,保证中成药生产原料质量提供参考。

According to the mean climatic data of 30 years and contents of alkaloid from 7 wild plant distribution areas in total 21 individuals, the quantitative relationship between climatic factors and contents of alkaloid was researched by stepwise regression analysis, partial correlation analysis and path analysis methods. The results showed that the leading climatic factors that affected contents of alkaloid were annual mean temperature, mean extreme maximum temperature in June, July, August and annual average mean rainfall, which had determined 95.24% of alkaloid content. The main stimulative factor was annual average mean rainfall and the main limited one was mean extreme maximum temperature in August. Annual mean temperature （ 〈 20℃ ） , mean extreme maximum temperature （ 〈 35℃ ） and annual mean average rainfall （ 〉 1500mm） were the suitable climatic factors for Sophora tonkinensis. This research could provide theoretical basis for the production of high quality Sophora tonkinensis, also for optimizing herb production and regulating herb quality.