论古希腊罗马社会的重农思想

On the Agriculture Priority Ideas in Ancient Greek and Rome

近代以来,国内学术界对西方文明的源头——古希腊罗马的经济发展道路和经济思想,产生了误会。认为古希腊罗马是"海洋文明"或"蓝色文明",从开始就走上了海外贸易的发展道路,从而"重商轻农";而我们是"大陆文明"或"黄色文明",一直是农业社会,所以"重农轻商"。其实这是极错误的观念。从古希腊罗马作家的言论和现代学者的研究来看,古希腊罗马社会和我们一样是极重视农业的;而且从神话学角度分析,古希腊罗马人对农神得墨忒耳和酒神、丰收之神狄奥尼索斯的特别崇拜也反映出他们对农业的重视。因此可以断言,古希腊罗马社会的重农思想是毋庸置疑的。

Domestic academic circle has formed a misunderstanding on the source of western culture——economical development and thoughts in ancient Greek and Rome since modern times. They believe that ancient Greek and Rome were ＂Ocean Civilization＂or ＂Blue Civilization＂,and took a developing way through overseas trade at the beginning leading to＂Valuing Commerce and Prejudices against Agriculture＂. While our culture is＂Inland Civilization＂or＂Yellow Civilization＂namely an agricultural society,thus formed the＂Physiocracy＂. However,this is a totally false idea. Viewed through the writers＇ remark and modern scholars＇ research,ancient Greek and Rome society attached equal importance to agriculture as ours. In addition,analyzed from the angle of mythology,people in ancient Greek and Rome had a specific admire to the Saturnian Demeter,the Wine God and the God of harvest Dio Nirsos,which also reflected that they placed great importance on agriculture. In all,it can be asserted that the thought of Stress Agriculture existed in ancient Greek and Rome.