阻燃纳米二氧化硅气凝胶的仿生制备进展

Progress of Biomimetic Synthesis of Fire-retardant Nano-silica Aerogels

自然界中的稻秆是一种二氧化硅(SiO2)/纤维素的纳米复合材料,SiO2与纤维素在纳米尺度的复合,使稻秆质轻和刚柔并具。效仿天然植物复合材料的构筑原理,纳米纤维素模板法仿生制备轻质阻燃材料纳米二氧化硅气凝胶。综述了二氧化硅的仿生制备、二氧化硅气凝胶的制备,探讨了仿生制备的轻质阻燃材料纳米二氧化硅气凝胶的应用前景。

The straw of the nature was a kind of nano - composites of silica （ SiO2 ）/cellulose, the straw of silica （SiO2） and cellulose at the nanoscale composite was lightweight and rigid. Lightweight and fire -retardant materials of nano - silica aerogels were biomimetic synthesized by nano - cellulose template, emulating the natural plant composites building theory. Biomimetic synthesis of silica and preparation of silica aerogels were summarized, the application prospects of lightweight and fire- retardant materials of nano- silica aerogels with biomimetic synthesis were discussed.