不同条件下木兰科植物种子的保质期研究

The Shelf-life of Seeds of Magnoliaceae in Different Storage Conditions

在室温下测定10种木兰科植物种子的储藏时间及在室温、4℃、-18℃三种温度下测定其中5种木兰科植物种子的储藏时间。结果表明,10种木兰科植物种子在室温条件下的发芽率、发芽势和保存时间均差异较大。5种木兰科植物种子在4℃贮藏条件下发芽率最高,发芽率降低最慢,保存时间最长;其次是-18℃储藏,室温储藏最差;随着贮藏时间的延长,种子发芽率下降,但发芽所需天数减少,出土整齐度提高,表明其种子具有休眠现象。美丽紫玉兰和深山含笑均在4℃下发芽势最高,在室温下次之,在-18℃下最差;14 d是5种木兰科植物种子出土萌发最旺盛的时间,不同的温度对种子达到此时间的影响不大,因此,4℃低温贮藏和保证高发芽率是提高种子发芽势的有效途径。木兰科植物种子以随采随播的发芽率最高;其萌发前所需休眠时间因种类不同而不同;在不同保存条件下,种子保存时间差别较大。

The shelf-life of ten species of Magnoliaceae seeds were studied. A series of results were gotten as follows： it was different in germination rate, germination potential and the storage time between ten species;the best temperature which the seeds could be of the highest germination rate and the longest time was 4℃, then -18℃, the lowest was at room temperature;the seed germination rate was highest when seeding without storage, after a period of time of low temperature storage, the even degree of seed germination was higher, but the seed germination rate was lower, and that showed the seeds of Magnoliaceae species had seed dormancy;the germination potential of Magnolia concinna and Michelia maudiae were highest at 4℃, then room temperature, the lowest was at -18℃;the highest germination potential was gotten in the fourteenth day, and the temperature had a little affect on it, so storage at 4 ℃ and high germination rate was an important way to improve the germination potential. The results showed sowing the seeds after harvesting could get the highest germination rate for Magnoliaceae species;the time of seed dormancy was different between species;the storage time was different in different storage conditions.