德氏乳杆菌对哺乳仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标、免疫和抗氧化功能的影响

Effects of Lactobacillus delbrueckii on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical Indexes,Immune and Antioxidant Function of Suckling Piglets

本试验旨在探讨德氏乳杆菌对哺乳仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标、免疫和抗氧化功能的影响。试验选用产期、胎次、产仔数相近的16窝健康新生仔猪,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组8窝,每窝8头。在仔猪1(吃初乳前)、4、8、15日龄依次分别给对照组和试验组仔猪灌服1、2、3、4 mL无菌生理盐水和德氏乳杆菌菌液,并于7、14和21日龄分别从每窝中选取体况相近的1头仔猪进行前腔静脉采血。试验期21 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,试验组仔猪断奶个体均重和平均日增重极显著提高(P<0.01),腹泻率和死亡率极显著降低(P<0.01)。2)在7日龄时,试验组仔猪血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),而2组间碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和α-淀粉酶(α-AMY)活性差异不显著(P>0.05);在14日龄时,与对照组相比,试验组仔猪血清ALP、AST和α-AM Y活性显著升高(P<0.05),ALT活性和尿素(Urea)含量2组间差异不显著(P>0.05);在21日龄时,除血清AST活性和Urea含量2组间差异显著(P<0.05)外,其他各指标差异均不显著(P>0.05)。3)在各日龄阶段,试验组和对照组仔猪血清总蛋白和白蛋白含量差异均不显著(P>0.05),但试验组有升高趋势;在7和21日龄时,试验组仔猪血清免疫球蛋白G含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05);在14和21日龄时,试验组仔猪血清免疫球蛋白M含量较对照组显著提高(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,试验组仔猪各日龄阶段血清总抗氧化能力显著提高(P<0.05),丙二醛含量极显著降低(P<0.01),超氧化物歧化酶活性无显著差异(P>0.05);在7和21日龄时,试验组仔猪血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著提高(P<0.05),过氧化氢酶活性无显著差异(P>0.05)。结果提示,德氏乳杆菌可改善哺乳仔猪生长性能、增强免疫力和提高抗氧化能力。

The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of Lactobacillus delbrueckii on growth performance, serum biochemical indexes, immune and antioxidant function of suckling piglets. A total of 16 healthy newborn litters of piglets with similar calving date, parity and litter size were randomly assigned to 2 groups （ control and experimental groups） with 8 litters per group and 8 piglets in each litter. At 1 （ before colostrum intake）, 4, 8 and 15 days of age, 1,2, 3 and 4 mL of sterile saline or LactobaciUus delbrueckii were successively gavaged to piglets in control and experimental groups, respectively. According to similar body weight, one piglet was selected from each litter to collect blood of anterior vena cava at 7, 14 and 21 days of age. The experiment lasted for 21 d. The results showed as follows： 1 ） compared with the control group, the average weaning weight and average daily gain in experimental group were significantly increased （ P 〈 0.01 ）, and diarrhea rate and mortality rate were significantly decreased （ P 〈 0.01 ）. 2 ） At 7 days of age, the activities of alanine aminotransferase （ALT） and aspartate amino transferase （AST） in serum in experimental group were significantly higher than those in control group （ P 〈 0.01 ）, and there were no significant differences in the activities of alkaline phosphatase （ALP） and alpha-amylase （α-AMY） between the two groups （P 〉 0.05 ） ; at 14 days of age, compared with control group, the activities of ALP, AST and α-AMY in serum in experimental group were significantly increased （P 〈 0.05 ）, and there were no significant differences in the activity of ALT and the content of urea （Urea） between the two groups （P 〉0.05） ; at 21 days of age, the activity of AST and the content of Urea in serum were significantly different between the two groups （ P 〈 0.05 ）, and there were no significant differences in the other indexes （ P 〉 0.05 ）. 3 ） At each age, compared with control group, the contents of total protein and albumin in serum in experimental group had increasing trends （ P 〉 0.05 ） ; at 7 and 21 days of age, the content of immunoglobulin G in serum in experimental group was significantly increased （P 〈 0.05 ） ; at 14 and 21 days of age, the content of immunoglobulin M in serum in experimental group was significantly increased （ P 〈 0.05 ）. 4 ） Compared with control group, at each age, the total antioxidant capacity in serum in experimental group was significantly improved （ P 〈 0.05 ）, while the malondialdehyde content was significantly reduced （ P 〈 0.01 ）, as for the activity of superoxide dismutase in experimental group, there was no significant difference （P 〉0.05） ; at 7 and 21 days of age, the activity of glutathione peroxidase in serum in experimental group was significantly increased （ P 〈 0.05 ）, and there were no effects on the activity of catalase （ P 〉 0.05 ）. These results indicate that Lactobacillus delbrueckii can improve the growth performance, immune and antioxidant capacity of suckling piglets.