孵化期注射维生素C对肉鸡生产性能、免疫和抗氧化性能的影响

Vitamin C Injection during Incubation Period:Effects on Performance,Immune and Antioxidant Function of Broilers

本试验旨在研究种蛋孵化第11天注射不同水平维生素C对萨索肉鸡生产性能、免疫和抗氧化性能的影响。试验采用单因素完全随机设计,将180枚萨索肉鸡种蛋随机分为3个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复15枚。种蛋孵化第11天进行维生素C注射,剂量分别为0(注射0.1 mL生理盐水)、3和15 mg(0.1 mL的生理盐水溶液)。孵化21 d出雏后,每重复选取体重均匀、健康的雏鸡10只进行饲养,饲养期42 d。结果表明:1)3 mg注射组种蛋孵化率,肉鸡初生重、1～42日龄平均日采食量和料重比均显著高于其他组(P<0.05);2)维生素C注射组肉鸡21和42日龄的脾脏指数和法氏囊指数相对于生理盐水注射组均有一定程度的降低,但方差分析差异不显著(P>0.05);3)各组肉鸡21和42日龄外周血T淋巴细胞亚型比例均差异不显著(P>0.05);4)15 mg注射组肉鸡21日龄血浆总抗氧化能力显著高于3 mg注射组(P<0.05),但与生理盐水注射组差异不显著(P>0.05),42日龄血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性均显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。本试验结果显示,种蛋中注射3 mg维生素C可提高孵化率、肉鸡初生重和平均日采食量,但影响了料重比;注射15 mg维生素C能在一定程度上提高肉鸡的抗氧化性能。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of vitamin C injection during incubation period at 11 embryonic ages on performance, immune and antioxidant function of Sasso broilers. The Wial adopted one-factor completely random design. A total of 180 hatching eggs hatched by Sasso broiler breeders were randomly divided into 3 treatments with 4 replicates per treatment and 15 eggs in each replicate. The vitamin C injection was performed at 11 embryonic ages, with the doses of 0 （ injecting saline）, 3 and 15 mg （with 0. 1 mL saline） per egg. After 21 days hatching, 10 healthy chicks with similiar body weight were selected from each replicate and then fed. The feeding period was 42 days. The results showed as follows ： 1 ） compared with the other groups, injecting 3 mg vitamin C significantly increased the hatchability, birth weight, average daily feed intake and feed/gain of broilers aged 1 to 42 days （ P 〈 0.05 ）. 2 ） Injecting vitamin C had no significant effects on spleen index and bursa of Fabricius index of broilers aged 21 and 42 days （ P 〉 0.05 ） , but all had a decrease compared with injecting saline group numerically. 3 ） Vitamin C injection during incubation period had no significant effects on the lymphocyte subset of peripheral blood T lymphocyte of broilers aged 21 and 42 days （ P 〉 0.05 ）. 4 ） Injecting 15 mg vitamin C significantly increased plasma total antioxidant capacity （T-AOC） of broilers aged 21 days compared with injecting 3 mg vitamin C （ P 〈 0.05 ）, but there was no significant change compared with injecting saline （ P 〉 0.05 ） ; and injecting 15 mg vitamin C significantly increased plasma glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） and superoxide dismutase （SOD） activities of broilers aged 42 days compared with the other groups （ P 〈 0.05）. Based on the results of the experiment, it is concluded thats injecting 3 mg vitamin C in hatching eggs at 11 embryonic ages can improve hatchability, birth weight and average daily feed intake of broilers, but decrease feed conversion rate. The antioxidant function may have an increase partly when the dose of vitamin C injection is 15 mg.