8 431株病原菌的分布及耐药性分析

Distribution and Drug Resistance of 8 431 Pathogen Strains

目的了解感染性疾病病原菌分布及常见病原菌的耐药情况。方法对本院2010-01-2012—12住院患者8431株病原菌的分布及耐药性分析。结果共分离病原菌8431株，其中革兰阳性（G＋）菌1787株，占21．2％；革兰阴性（G-）菌6231株，占73．9％；主要包括大肠埃希菌（23．6％）、肺炎克雷伯菌（18．4％）、鲍曼不动杆菌（11．60％）、金黄色葡萄球菌（10．3％）等；药敏试验结果显示，所分离的G’菌对万古霉素、利奈唑胺最敏感，对呋喃妥因、利福平敏感性较好，对其他抗菌药物敏感性不佳，G-菌对亚胺培南、美洛培南高度敏感，对哌拉西林／他唑巴坦、头孢哌酮／舒巴坦和阿米卡星也较敏感。结论临床应重视病原学检查，开展细菌耐药性监测，合理使用抗菌药物。

Objective To determine the distribution of infectious disease pathogens and druG-resistance of common pathogenic bacteria. Methods A total of 8 431 samples from patients in the hospital since Jan. 2010 to Dec. 2012 were collected, and the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria was identified. Results Totally 8 431 strains were isolated, in which Gram-positive （ G~ ） bacteria were 1 787 （21.2%） ; while Gram-negative （ G- ） bacteria were 6 231 （ 73. 9% ）. Most of them were Escherichia coli （ 23. 6% ）, Klebsiella pneumoniae （ 18. 4% ）, Bauman Acinetobacter （11.60%）, Staphylococcus aureus （10.3%）, etc. The result of drug sensitivity test showed that the isolated G ~ bacteria were most sensitive to vancomycin, linezolid; and well sensitive to nitrofurantoin and rifampin, while poorly sensitive to other antimicrobial. G- bacteria were highly sensitive to imipenem, meropenem; while were sensitive to piperacillin/tazobactam, cefoperazone/sulbactam and Amikacin. Conclusion It is suggested that there be urgent need for surveillance of bacterial resistance and rational use of antimicrobial agents be emphasized.