前列腺癌肿瘤标志物的研究进展

Research Progress in Biomarker of Prostate Cancer

前列腺癌是男性常见的一种恶性肿瘤,在东亚地区发病率相对较低,但在欧美等发达地区发病率较高,前列腺癌已成为严重威胁男性健康的第二大恶性肿瘤。前列腺癌诊断的金标准为穿刺活检,是否对可疑患者进行穿刺活检,主要依赖于直肠指检和血清前列腺特异抗原(PSA)的检测结果。但血清PSA水平的上升受很多因素的影响,如前列腺肥大、急性前列腺炎等。同时直肠指检结果判断缺乏一定的客观标准,存在个人主观性。因此,前列腺癌诊断的肿瘤标志物成为研究的热点。

Prostate cancer is a common malignant tumor in male which has a relatively low incidence in east Asia,but high prevanence in Europe and the United States and other developed areas. Prostate cancer has become the second largest malignancy tumor seriously threatening men＇ s health. The golden diagnosis standard of prostate cancer is puncture biopsy,and whether it is given or not depends on the digital rectal examination（ DRE） and prostate specific cancer antigen（ PSA）. But PSA can be affected by a lot of factors, such as prostatic hypertrophy,acute prostatitis and so on,which can also raise the level of PSA. Besides,DRE is lack of objectivity,therefore the biomarker of prostate cancer diagnosis has become a hotspot in the research field.