巴贝斯虫病研究进展

Progress on Babesiosis

巴贝斯虫病是一种由寄生于红细胞内的巴贝斯虫引起的人兽共患病,主要通过硬蜱进行传播。致病机理主要是染虫红细胞裂解导致溶血性贫血,在特殊情况下会进一步导致器官衰竭甚至死亡。对该病的诊断方法主要有血涂片观察、动物接种、ELISA检测及核酸诊断等。该病的主要治疗方法为克林霉素和奎宁联用,另外,阿托伐醌与阿奇霉素联用在一些病例中展现了良好的治疗效果。现阶段对该病的预防措施主要为消灭硬蜱,加强公众对蜱的防范意识,同时由于该病能通过输血途径在人群中传播,因此有必要对输血人群进行血液检测,以减少人群感染的概率。

Babesiosis is an emerging tick-transmitted erythrocytic parasitosis which caused by Babesia.The major pathogenesis is hemolytic anemia caused by lysised erythrocytes,which could result in organ failure,even death in the severe cases.The diagnosis of babesiosis blood smear,animal inoculation,ELISA,PCR and real-time PCR.At present,drug treatments using combination of quinine and clindamycin,and atovaquone coalesces with azithromycin have showed good therapeutic effect in some reported cases.The main preventive measures of babesiosis are removing related ticks and increasing public awareness of ticks.Furthermore,because of babesiosis can spread through blood transfusion,it is necessary for blood donors to have a blood test,in order to reduce the probability of people infection with Babesia.