福建省入境旅游区域差异的时空演化与影响因素研究

A study on Temporal-spatial Evolution and Influencing Factors of Regional Discrepancy of Inbound Tourism in Fujian

运用加权标准差、加权变异系数、相对发展率、区位熵和赫芬达尔-赫希曼指数,研究1996-2011年间福建省各地级市入境旅游绝对差异、相对差异以及空间聚集的演化规律。结果发现:(1)福建省各地市在入境旅游收入总量上的绝对差异不断扩大,呈先平稳增长再快速增长的演化轨迹。(2)加权变异系数反映的入境旅游相对差异波动变化总体下降,但相对差异显著。入境旅游相对发展速度差异较大,发展速度差距逐渐缩小,必将减小各地市入境旅游绝对差距。各地市入境旅游产业地位的相对差异显著,但不断缩小,相较国内先进地区,多数地市入境旅游占第三产业比重仍然偏低。(3)福建省各地市入境旅游人次和收入聚集呈波动下降趋势,垄断聚集程度仍然较高,入境旅游人次和收入集中在厦门、福州、泉州,全省入境旅游主要依靠其带动,缺乏广泛的竞争。(4)政策环境、地区知名度和区位交通,是造成福建省入境旅游区域差异最重要的影响因素。

The study uses weighted standard deviation, weighted coefficient of variation, Nich, location quotient, and Her- findahl-Hirschman index, explores the evolution pattern of the absolute discrepancy, the relative discrepancy, and the spa- tial aggregation on the nine cities of Fujian Province＇ the Inbound Tourism during 1996-20ll. The results can be summa- rized as follows ： （ 1 ） The absolute discrepancy of inbound tourism revenue on the nine cities of Fujian Province continues to expand, and displays the evolutionary track of from steady growth to rapid growth. （2） The relative discrepancy of inbound tourism reflecting by weighted coefficient of variation experiences some fluctuations, declines generally, but haves signifi- cant relative discrepancy. The relative development speed difference of inbound tourism is larger, but is gradually reduced, that is bound to reduce the absolute discrepancy around the nine cities. The relative discrepancy of the inbound tourism＇s industrial status is prominent, and continues to shrink. Compared to the domestic advanced regions, the proportion of in- bound tourism in tertiary industry on many cities is still low. （ 3 ） The aggregation of inbound tourism arrivals and revenues around the nine cities were fluctuations in the downward trend, the degree of monopolizing aggregation is still high. Inbound tourism arrivals and revenues mainly concentrate in Xiamen, Fuzhou, and Quanzhou, the province＇s inbound tourism in- bound tourism mainly is mainly driven by the three cities. That is lack of extensive competition. （4） Policy environment, regional popularity, and regional transportation are the most important factors causing the regional discrepancy of inbound tourism in Fujian Province.