中草药与复方对鲁氏耶尔森菌的体外抑菌作用

Antimicrobial Tests of Chinese Herbal Medicines and Their Mixtures on Yersinia ruckeri

采用试管二倍稀释法测定了16种中草药单方及5种复方制剂对鲁氏耶尔森菌(Yersinia ruckeri)的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)。结果表明,黄芩(Radix Scutellariae)和诃子(Fructus Chebulae)对鲁氏耶尔森菌的抑菌作用最强,MIC均为0.028g·mL-1,可作为防治水产养殖动物耶尔森菌病害的主要备选中草药;大黄(Radix et Rhizoma Rhei)的抑菌作用较强,其MIC值为0.227g·mL-1,也可作为候选药物;青蒿(Herba Artemisiae)、金樱子(Fructus Rosae Laevigatae)、连翘(Fructus Forsythiae)、茵陈(Herba Artemisiae Scopariae)、五倍子(Galla Chinensis)及金银花(Flos Lonicerae)的抑菌作用较弱,其MIC值均为0.455g·mL-1。5种复方制剂中,大黄、黄柏(Cortex Phellodendri)和黄芩3种中草药以5:3:2的比例配伍对鲁氏耶尔森菌具有最佳抑菌作用,其MIC值为0.057g·mL-1,抑菌效果弱于黄芩,但远强于大黄单独使用,可为该细菌性疾病的防治提供复方配伍参考。

The minimal inhibitory concentration of 16 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines and 5 kinds of Chinese herbal mixtures on bacterium Yersinia ruckeri was determined in vitro by a microdilution method. The results showed that Radix Scutellariae and Fructus Chebulae had the strongest inhibitory effect on Yersinia ruckeri with the MIC of 0.028g·mL^-1, indicating that they were the better herbal drugs that cure the disease caused by the Yersinia ruckeri in aquatic animals. Radix et Rhizoma Rhei had stronger inhibitory ef-fect on Y. ruckeri with the MIC as 0.227g·mL^-1 and was used as one of the compound herbal medicine to treat this bacterial disease. Herba Artemisiae, Fructus Rosae Laevigatae, Fructus Forsythiae, Herba Artemisiae Scopariae, Galla Chinensis, and Flos Lonicerae had weak inhibitory effect on Yersinia ruckeri, with the MIC as 0.455g·mL^-1. The mixture of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Cortex Phellodendri and Radix Scutellariae with the proportion of 5：3：2 was shown to have the best MIC 0.057 g·mL^-1on Yersinia ruckeri. Though less than Radix Scutellariae, this mixture had stronger than the Radix et Rhizoma Rhei only, indicating that the compound can be used to pre-vent this kind of fish diseases.