陈衍与翁方纲——关于晚清诗学的几点辨析

Chen Yan and Weng Fanggang: Some Notes and Analysis on the Later Qing Dynasty Poetics

晚清诗学,以陈衍《石遗室诗话》及其续编所建构的体系为集大成者。民国以来,关于清代诗学特别是近代以来诗学的描述,无不以陈衍诗论为重要参照。而陈衍在其诗论中对于道咸以降诗风宗宋的描述,在有意无意之间,忽略了翁方纲的意义和作用,造成我们对翁方纲的文学史与清代诗史之地位认识的不足。本文围绕陈衍与翁方纲二人的诗论主张和生平交游,梳理其中有关道咸年间宗宋诗风的因果脉络,试图对翁方纲与道咸年间宗宋诗风的关系,给出更符合史实,也更具说服力的看法。

Chen Yan＇ s Shi Yi Shi Shi Hua and its sequel epitomize the achievement of the poetics in the later Qing Dynasty. Since the Republic established, the discussions on Qing Dynasty poetics, especially those of the near modem time, all take Chen Yan＇ s books as an important reference. However, in Chen Yan＇ s description of the Qing poetics since the period of Dao Guang and Xian Feng, he intentionally or unintentionally neglected the significance and function of Weng Fanggang. Consequently, Weng＇ s contribution to the history of poetics and literature of Qing Dynasty has not been sufficiently recognized. Focusing on the theories of poetics of Chen Yan and Weng Fanggang, and the life and communication between Chen and Weng, this paper tries to clarify some causal relationship of the development of poetics in their time, and gives a more reliable and convictive account of the relationship between Weng and the advocating of Song poetic style in the Later Qing Dynasty.