没有人可以为你发声,你需要自己拥有话语权(英文)

No one can speak for you, get your own voice

19世纪中国第一批移民踏上美国的土地去寻找新的生活。这些第一代移民在他乡经历了许多生活上的艰难和文化习俗上的挑战，他们在备受歧视之余还要忍受与家人分离的痛苦。他们的妻女母亲被留在国内守望等候，唱着“木鱼之歌”。在中国，木鱼是寺庙中的僧人所使用的乐器。它是对于神灵忠诚的象征，也意味着孤独的一生。僧人要遵守四戒，不能像普通人一样饮食，不许完婚。他们的生命中充斥着隐忍，将有限的一生奉献给无限的宗教事业。在某种程度上，本书的标题“木鱼之歌”象征着主人公刘的一生。他的生活在东西双重文化的撞击下找不到自己的位置，处于在双边文化中都丧失话语权的失语状态。这本小说别出心裁之处在于主人公从始至终没有发声，暗示着他在身份识别上的困惑。全书共分为三章，以三个不同年龄，不同种族，不同文化背景下的女人的视角勾画出男主人公的生命轨迹，形成鲜明对立的不同观点，给读者提供了不同文化背景下的不同认知视角。本文作者试图通过分析小说中三足鼎立的观点来寻求一条借文学之力的跨文化之间的沟通途径。

＂Wooden Fish Songs＂ were the laments sung by Chinese women left behind by husbands, sons, and brothers who, in the nineteenth century, sailed to America in quest of the good life - and found instead years of indentured servitude and racial discrimination. In China, wooden fish is a kind of instrument used in temples by the monks and nuns. It is a symbol for showing pietas to the gods in Buddhism and implies a lifetime long of loneliness. They cannot drink or eat as normal people and they are not allowed to get married. It is all about abstinence. They have to contribute their limited life to the unlimited religion cause. In a rhetorical way, ＂Wooden Fish Songs ＂sianifies the life of Lue, who is the main character in Wooden Fish Song. His life was out of place. He was abandoned fi＇om both sides--his born family and adopted family. He has lost his voice. One of the creative points in this novel is that it observed a man through three women＇s view. The man had no voice. As it is said in the foreword by Anna Deveare Smith：＂Wbo has the right to speak for whom？＂ According to their different culture, they＇ve got extremely different religions and values. They live in different worlds which are built with different value systems. This essay is trying to reveal these three women＇s mental idea toward Liu Gim Gong in order to analyze the factors which affected their different opinion. In order to analyze the book, this essay is divided into three parts. The first part would give a briefly introduction of this book and Habermas＇ Theory of Communication. The second part would analyze the psychological activity of the three female characters. It will discuss about their opinion toward Liu and why it was like that. It will try to analyze the different background of each woman and seek for a common ground. The third part would discuss about culture problems in reality and seek a way to solve it through literature.