知识、知识论与怀疑主义

Knowledge,Epistemology and Skepticism

怀疑之于知识无疑具有显要的意义,甚至可以认为西方认识论的产生很大程度上源于哲学家的怀疑精神,也使得西方哲学似乎一直是在寻求确定性的推动下向前发展。当代知识论中讨论知识亦遵从这种确定性寻求的内在机制,因此对确证问题的探究自然需要被置于怀疑主义框架之中。有鉴于此,通过对怀疑传统的考察,讨论当代知识论中怀疑主义对知识的意义与认识可能的错误,并尝试从确证的可靠性视角来消除怀疑难题。

Doubt is undoubtedly significant to knowledge, to the extent that the western epistemology is rooted in philosopher＇s spirits of doubt （skepticism）, which causes the pursuit of certainty to be the force of the development of western philosophy. Knowledge analysis in the contemporary epistemology also complies with such internal mechanism of pursuing certainty, and the exploration of theory of justi- fication would be put in the same skeptical framework. Based on the discussion of skepticism tradition, this paper investigates the significance of skepticism to knowledge analysis and the possible cognitive error, and would try to eliminate the threat of skepticism from the perspective of reliability.