清代北京、通州仓花户对仓储的危害

Beijing and Tongzhou Granary Huahu's Harm to Warehouse in the Qing Dynasty

清代北京、通州仓又简称京通仓,是存贮全国数百万石漕粮的仓储群,对京城皇室日需、官员俸禄、驻军供给、灾荒赈济、粮价平衡具有重要的意义。京通仓花户作为保障仓储运转且地位较低的下层群体,在清代中后期逐渐成为威胁京通仓仓粮足额的重要因素,他们不但掺假使诈、盗窃仓粮、私卖米票、科索旗兵、影射把持,而且与仓监督、胥吏、地棍相勾结,逐渐将国家粮仓变成堕落腐败的渊薮。

In the Qing Dynasty, Beijing and Tongzhou warehouse, Jing Tong warehouse （ in short）, is a storage group, which is a warehouse with a capacity of millions of stones of national grain and of great significance to meet the needs of Royal daily supply, official salary, garrison supply, famine relief, grain price balance. Jing Tong warehouse Huahu, as low- status social group, guaranteeing granary work, gradually became an important factor threatening Jing Tong grain warehouse sufficiency in the mid and late Qing Dynasty. They not only resorted to adulteration, chicane, theft, bootleg rice ticket, exploitation of soldiers, controlling warehousing, but also colluded with officials and rogues, gradually rendering national granary to become the corrupt origin.