含蒙脱土和多糖的保水剂对土壤物理性质的影响

Effects of superabsorbents containing montmorillonite and polysaccharide on soil physical properties

以2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸、丙烯酰胺为单体,天然产物蒙脱土(MMT)和羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)为复合组分,在室温下合成了天然组分含量大于40%的保水剂。研究了天然组分含量和聚合条件对土壤持水性、孔隙度、容重和水稳定性大团聚体的影响。正交极差分析表明,MMT对土壤持水性、孔隙度的影响最强,CMC对土壤非毛管孔隙度的影响较强。MMT的加入可以显著提高土壤的持水性、孔隙度和水稳定性团聚体总量;CMC可提高土壤的非毛管孔隙度、促进水稳定性团聚体的形成。在土壤中加入0.3%优化后的保水剂,土壤的最大持水量、田间持水量、非毛管孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、土壤水稳定性大团聚体总量及其平均粒径分别提高了41.3%、52.5%、120%、31%、90%和78%。

Superabsorbents with natural component content ＞ 40％ were prepared under room temperature using 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropyl sulfonic acid and acrylamide as monomers,natural products montmorillonite （MMT） and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose （CMC） as composite components.The effects of natural products content and synthetic conditions on soil water holding capacity,porosity,bulk density and soil water stable macro-aggregates were investigated.The orthogonal range analysis showed that MMT had the greatest influence on soil water holding capacity and porosity,CMC had great influence on non-capillary porosity.MMT could effectively improve the water holding capacity,porosity and water stable macro-aggregates of the soil.CMC could improve soil non-capillary porosity and promote the formation of water stable aggregates.Adding 0.3％ superabsorbents in the soil,the maximum water holding capacity,field capacity,non-capillary porosity,capillary porosity,total amount and mean grain size of soil water stable macro-aggregates were increased by 41.3％,52.5％,120％,31％,90％ and 78％,respectively.