化肥配施紫云英对稻田土壤微生物及养分的影响

Effects of combined application of chemical fertilizer and Chinese milk vetch(Astragalus sinicus) on the microorganism and nutrients of paddy soil

2008年在安徽省桐城市布置了"化肥配施紫云英对水稻和土壤的影响研究"定位试验,2011年在早稻收获期间采集新鲜土样,并测定了细菌、真菌、放线菌、解磷菌和固氮菌等微生物数量和土壤氮、磷、钾、硫、铁、锌、锰、铜等养分含量。结果表明:化肥配施适量的紫云英(70%化肥+15 000 kg/hm2紫云英)有利于土壤微生物的增长繁殖,与单施70%化肥相比,细菌总量增加6.6倍,真菌数量增加63%,解磷菌数量增加47%,固氮菌数量增加101%,放线菌数量基本相等;翻压紫云英还有补充土壤氮、磷、钾、硫、铁、锌、锰、铜养分的作用。

A long-term field experiment was established to investigate the effects of combined application of chemical fertilizer and Chinese milk vetch （Astragalus sinicus） on rice production and soil fertility in 2008 at Tongcheng county,Anhui province.Some fresh soils were collected to measure the quantity of microorganism and content of nutrients in the soils at mature period of early rice in 2011.The microorganism measured were bacteria,fungi,actinomyces,phosphobacteria and azotobacter.The nutrients measured were N,P,K,S,Fe,Zn,Mn and Cu.The results showed that combined application of chemical fertilizer and milk vetch were of advantage to microbial reproduction in the soils.Comparing 70％ chemical fertilizer with 70％ chemical fertilizer ＋ 15 000 kg/hm2 Chinese milk vetch,quantity of bacteria in the soils increased 6.6 times after applying Chinese milk vetch.Quantity of some microorganism such as fungi,phosphobacteria and azotobacter in the soils increased 63％,47％ and 101％ respectively after applying Chinese milk vetch.Applying Chinese milk vetch could also replenish some nutrients such as N,P,K,S,Fe,Zn,Mn and Cu in the soils.