双芯光纤的偏振分束特性研究

Research of Polarization Beam Splitting using Dual-core Optical Fiber

偏振分束器是光学中的重要器件,它将入射光按其偏振特性进行分离,它主要应用于需要对偏振态进行有效控制的光学系统中。微型化光波导偏振分束器已成为光通信领域的研究趋势。双芯光纤偏振分束器承接了双芯的特殊优势,是一类基于模式干涉的偏振分束器,根据耦合长度的不同将两种偏振态分离开来,这一类的分束器具有设计灵活、体型小、价格低廉、应用广泛等优点。本文基于椭圆芯双芯光纤,先从理论方面介绍了偏振分束的原理,再利用Rsoft软件模拟分析了x、y方向的耦合长度及其x、y方向的耦合长度差值随纤芯长短轴比例、入射光波长、纤芯包层折射率差、纤芯间归一化距离的变化趋势。最后,通过优化设计,获得了长度为22.29cm、消光比可以达到20dB以上的偏振分束器。

Polarization beam splitter is an important device in optics, it separates the incident light according to its polarization features, and is mainly used in the optical system whose polarization characteristic needs to be controlld effectively. The miniaatr- ization of the polarization beam splitter has become the trend of research in the optical communication. Twin- core optical fiber po- larization beam splitter inherits the special advantage of twin-core, is a kind of polarization beam splitter based on interference pat- terns,and is according to the difference of coupling length between two different polarization of incident light.This kind of beam splitter has the characteristics of flexible design, small size, low cost, wide application, etc.Based on the twin-core optical fiber with elliptical core, this paper first introduces the principle of the polarization beam splitting from the aspects of theory. Then the variation trends of x and y polarization coupling length and their difference with the long and short axis ratio of the elliptical core, the wavelength of incident light, the refractive index difference between core and cladding, and the normalized distance are simu- lated by using the Rsoft. Through optimization designing, a polarization beam splitter with 224mm long and extinction ratio higher than 20dB is acquired.