生物滤池处理城市污水工艺中恶臭和微生物气溶胶的填料选择

Selection of packing materials for biofilter to treat odor and bioaerosol from municipal wastewater treatment process

采用实验室规模的生物滤池对含硫化氢、氨和微生物气溶胶的气体进行处理,并对海绵、陶粒、堆肥和空心塑料小球4种物质作为反应器填料的性能进行比较。结果表明,不同填料生物滤池对硫化氢、氨和微生物气溶胶的去除效率明显不同,去除效率从高到低的顺序依次为海绵、陶粒、堆肥和空心塑料小球生物滤池。海绵和陶粒生物滤池出气异养细菌和真菌主要以小粒径粒子为主。在同样的进气和运行条件下,堆肥填料层的压力降最大,其次是陶粒和空心塑料小球填料层,海绵填料层的压力降最小。对4种填料的性能进行综合比较,海绵和陶粒较适宜作为处理硫化氢、氨和微生物气溶胶的生物滤池填料。

To compare the performance of polyurethane, ceramics pellet, compost and hollow plastic bails as packing materials, four laboratory-scale biofilters were developed to treat waste gas containing sulfide hydro- gen, ammonia and bioaerosol. The experimental results showed that the removal efficiencies of sulfide hydrogen, ammonia and bioaerosol were different in the biofihers with different packing materials. The removal efficiencies were highest in the biofilter packed with polyurethane, followed by ceramics pellet, compost and hollow plastic balls. Particles of the heterotrophic bacterial and fungi in the outlet gas of the biofilter packed with the polyure- thane and ceramics pellet were mainly small ones. Under the same operating conditions, pressure drop of the bio- filter packed with compost was highest, followed by the ceramics pellet, hollow plastic balls and polyurethane. By comprehensive comparison of the performance of the four kinds of packing materials, polyurethane and ceram- ics pellet were more appropriate for the packing materials of the biofilter treating sulfide hydrogen, ammonia and bioaerosol.