嗜盐菌的筛选及原油降解性能

Isolation and oil-degrading characteristics of halophilic bacteria

油气开发过程含油废液中过高的盐含量是影响其生物处理效果不佳的一个重要因素。针对含油废液的特点，实验从油田废弃泥浆中筛选分离出一株高效嗜盐降解菌，该菌呈杆状，经BIOLOG鉴定系统与分子序列鉴定分析，该菌为芽孢杆菌Bacillussubtilisstrain；研究了嗜盐菌的耐盐碱性及原油降解性能，结果表明，该菌适宜于碱性环境，适盐浓度范围为5000～200000mg／L，7d内对高盐含油模拟废水中原油的降解率高达60％，最佳降解条件为：菌液／培养液体积比1：12．5，pH=9，NaCl浓度范围为10000～50000mg／L，最佳N源和P源分别为（NH2）2CO和K2HPO4·3H2O。嗜盐菌的研究为高盐含油废液的生物处理拓展了一条新的技术途径。

High salt content of oily wastewater was an important factor of affecting biological treatment effects in oil and gas exploration process. According to the characteristics of oily wastewater, a halophilic strain was isolated from waste drilling fluid, the strain was rod-shaped and was denoted as Bacillus subtilis strain by the BIOLOG identification system and sequence analysis. The saline-alkaline tolerance and oil-degrading conditions were investigated, the experimental results showed that the bacteria was suitable for alkaline environment, and the concentrations of NaCl tolerance was range from 5 000 to 200 000 rag/L, oil-degrading rate was more than 60% after the treatment of the halophilic strain, and the optimum degradation conditions of the halophilie strain were as follows： the strain and the medium volume ratio of 1 ： 12.5,pH of 9, NaCl concentrations ranging from 10 000 -50 000mg/L, the optimum nitrogen and phosphorus sources were （NH：）2C0 and K2HPO4 ·3H2O, respectively. The technology develops a new method for the treatment of oily wastewater.