汽车轻量化评价方法研究

Evaluation methods of vehicle lightweight

汽车整车轻量化水平与油耗大小密切相关,目前还没有公认的评价措施。本文研究大量车型数据,得出3种轻量化评价方法:针对同类车型,以4门轿车和承载式SUV(运动型多用途轿车)为例,整车面密度(L0=Wk/A,Wk为整备质量,A为轮边距与轴距乘积所得投影面积)随A近似线性增加;为量化表征,推导出整车相对面密度ΔLm=L0–La=Wk/A–a·A–b;划分为7级轻量化评价等级;对不同种类乘用车,考虑乘客人数的概率,提出人均轻量化系数Lp的方法;提出零部件相对轻量化系数Lr的评价方法,以前横梁总成为例验证了评价方法的有效性。

The level of vehicle lightweight was not able to accurate evaluated currently, which is closely related to fuel consumption. Three kinds of evaluation methods of lightweight were obtained by analyzing typical vehicles’data in this paper：For congener vehicle,taking 4-door sedan and sport utility vehicle as examples,vehicle areal density（L0=Wk/A,Wk is curb weight,A is area of tread width times wheelbase）increases approximate linearly with increasing A. To quantitative representation , vehicle relative areal density （ΔLm） was deduced;lightweight levels were divided to 7 grades;for different type vehicle,considering probability of passengers’number,methods of per capita lightweight coefficient was proposed;relative lightweight coefficient was presented , which has been validated by evaluation of front crossbeam assembly.