基于环境减灾卫星数据的湖泊旱涝灾害湿地实时信息提取——以鄱阳湖为例

Instant Wetland Information Extraction during Drought and Flood Period Based on HJ-1——take Poyang Lake for example

针对江西出现历史罕见的春夏连旱、旱涝急转等极端自然灾害现象,以鄱阳湖自然(天然)湿地为重点监测区域,按照旱涝发生时间和水位,获取对应的四期HJ-1A/1B卫星数据,通过构建归一化水体指数(NDWI)、归一化植被指数(NDVI),采用地物光谱特征、专家知识的决策树分类方法和空间地理信息处理技术,及时定量获取、分析鄱阳湖自然湿地区连续干旱、旱涝急转情况下的湿地类型变化数据,为相关部门抗旱救灾提供科学依据。

Given the extreme natural disasters that happened in Jiangxi this year, the Poyang Lake natural wetlands was chosen as key monitoring area, the four periods of corresponding HJ-1A/1 B data had obtained according to the time and water level of drought and flood condition. The wetlands types transformation data during continuous drought and sudden turn of drought and flood was obtained quantitatively and analyzed by both building NDWI and NDVI, and adopting classification trees and GIS. The results could provide relevant department with scientific evidence for drought relief.