鄱阳湖沿湖渔区养殖鱼类车轮虫病调查初报

Preliminary Investigations of Trichodinasis in Bred Fishes in Fishing Area along Poyang Lake

对鄱阳湖沿湖渔区 1 1个县进行了调查 ,初步结果为 :镜检出车轮虫 1 2种 ;养殖鱼类对车轮虫的整体感染率依次为草鱼 >鳙鱼 >鲤鱼 >团头鲂 >白鲢 >白鲫 ;一般利用池塘水进行人工繁殖的水花鱼苗 ,其车轮虫感染率为 1 0 %～ 35 % ,利用循环用水或有机物含量较高的水源孵化鱼苗时 ,鱼苗的感染率则成倍提高 ;车轮虫对夏花鱼种的感染率达1 0 0 % ,且主要以大型车轮虫为主。秋片鱼种以上规格的鱼体主要感染小车轮虫。适宜车轮虫繁殖、生长的水温为 1 8～ 30℃ ,车轮虫可诱发某些细菌性鱼病。探讨了车轮虫的综合防治措施 ,包括切断传染源、用生石灰清塘消毒、用 1～2mg/kg硫酸铜与硫酸亚铁混合液 (5∶2 )杀虫等。

The investigations of the trichodinasis in bred fishes were conducted in 11 counties in fishing area along Poyang Lake,the preliminary results were as follows:twelve species in Trichodina and Trichodinella were found through microscope.According to the whole rate of being infected with trichodinasis,the bred fishes were arranged in the following order:grass carp>bighead carp>carp>Megalobrama amblycephala>silver carp>crucian carp.For newly hatched fish fry,the rate of being infected with trichodinasis was 10%～35% in general,but that increased several times when the fish fry was incubated in water resource which was utilized in circulation or contained higher organic matter.100% of summer fish fingerling were infected with trichodinasis which was mainly caused by Trichodina spp.The autumn fish fingerling and adult fish were mainly infected with Trichodinella spp.The suitable water temperature for the growth and reproduction of Trichodina spp. and Trichodinella spp. was 18～30℃.Trichodinasis could induce some bacterial fish diseases.The author discussed the integrated control measures of Trichodinasis,including cutting infectious resources,utilizing burned lime to disinfect the pond,applying the mixture of CuSO\-4 and FeSO\-4(5∶2) at the dose of 1～2mg/kg.\;