开放获取——科学公有主义的当代形塑

Open Access——The Shape of Scientific Communism Nowadays

传统的科学公有主义只是"知识论"意义上的,并没有考虑研究者和公众如何获取科学知识,一些出版商通过高价出售学术期刊获得了丰厚的利润。出版商与科学共同体的矛盾在当代逐渐激化。开放获取运动就在这样的背景下兴起,并在21世纪初取得了很大的进展,影响越来越大。这一运动要求打破科学知识获取的人为壁垒,真正实现科学知识的公有,倡导通过网络平台免费向研究者和公众提供科学论文。开放获取运动不是简单地向传统的科学公有主义回归,而是在当代条件下对科学公有主义的重新形塑,它倡导的是完全意义上的公有主义——科学知识不仅在知识论意义上属于全社会,在产权意义上也属于全社会。

The traditional scientific communism was just ＇epistemology＇ sense of communism, and did not consider how researchers and the public access to the scientific knowledge. Journal publishers gained huge profits through high price strategy. The conflict between publishers and scientific community has intensified in recent years. Open Access movement had risen in this context, and at the beginning of 21st century it made great progress, and gained increasing influence. This movement required the implementation of real scientific communism, and initiated providing free pa- pers to researchers and public online. Open Access movement was not simply to regress to traditional scientific communism, but shaping it under con- temporary context. The scientific communism it initiated was the whole sense communism scientific knowledge belongs to human being not only in the epistemology aspect, but also in the property right aspect.