对中综3号玉米群体格子混合选择效果分析

Effects of Latticed Mass Selection on ZZ3 Maize Population

用格子混合选择法完成了对中综 3号玉米群体 6轮的产量性状的选择 ,兼顾抗性、株型、早熟性等性状。经 1995～ 1996年在北京、安徽、河南 2年 3点联合试验 ,结果表明 ,6轮群体子粒产量每hm2 增加了 1155kg( 2 4 0 5% ) ,平均每轮每hm2 增加 192 4 5kg( 4 0 1% ) ,与线性回归响应 (b=187 8kg)相吻合。子粒产量增加的主要原因是单株穗部性状发生了变化。穗长每轮增加 1 8cm( 12 7% ) ,每行粒数增加 4 1粒 ( 10 9% ) ,千粒重增加 2 7 2 g( 12 5% ) ,差异均达极显著水平。同时 ,株高、穗位也有所提高。经 6轮选择后 ,株高增加 2 9 2cm ,穗位增加 17 8cm。抗倒性、抗青枯等显著提高 ,倒伏率从C0 的 2 2 7%减少到C6的 12 1% ,青枯病株率从C0 的 18 1%减少到C6的 9 6%。

Six cycles of latticed mass selection for grain yield and correlated character properties were conducted in Zhong Zong No.3(ZZ3)from 1995 to 1996 at three locations.The grain yields of population showed significant response to the selection.The evaluating experiments showed that the average yield increase per cycle was 192 45 kg·ha -1 (4 01%),and the linear response was 187 80 kg·ha -1 .The yield gains are associated with the increase of ears.After six cycle selection,the ear length gained 1 8 cm(12 7%)for the advanced cycle vs.the original population.Number of kernel per row and 1000 kernel weight increased 4 1 kernel(10 9%)and 27 2 g(12 5%),respectively.The plant height and ear height of advanced cycles were increased 29 2 cm and 17 8 cm respectively.The ratio of lodging and wilted plant were decreased significantly to 12 1% and 9 6% in the final cycle.