基于土地利用变化的生态系统服务价值研究——以宁安市为例

Study on Ecosystem Service Values Based on Land Use Change——Taking Ning′an City As an Example

选择黑龙江省宁安市为研究区,以1991年和2010年两期TM遥感影像为主要信息源,利用遥感与地理信息系统相结合的方法,提取研究区土地利用/覆盖信息,利用修正后的中国陆地生态系统单位面积服务价值系数及评估方法,结合研究区实际情况,对宁安市土地利用变化引起的生态系统服务总价值进行估算。研究表明:1991—2010年研究区土地利用变化表现为耕地、建设用地增加,林地、草地、水域和其它用地减少的"2增4减"的趋势;20a间宁安市生态服务总价值从149.14亿元下降到144.04亿元,减幅为3.42%,大量林地和草地转化为生态服务价值系数较低的耕地是其减少的主要原因;敏感性分析表明,生态系统服务价值对价值系数缺乏弹性。评估研究区生态服务价值,并将其纳入区域环境和经济综合核算体系,对加快宁安市的生态建设,推进区域可持续发展具有指导意义。

Ning′an City,which is located in Heilongjiang province was selected as the study area.With TM remote sensing images of 1991and 2010as the main source of information,the changes of ecosystem service value（ESV）in Ning′an city were analyzed.The parameters were revised by using the methods and models of ecological value estimation in view of the actual condition of the study area.The result indicates that use changes from 1991to 2010were notable,with the rapid increase of crop land,constructed land and the decrease of forestland,grassland,water area and other land uses;the ESV of Ning′an city descended from14.914billion Yuan to 14.404billion Yuan during the study period,and the descending rate was 3.42%;large amount of forestland and grassland transformed to cropland with lower ecological value coefficient was the main cause ruslting in its decreasing;the sensitivity analysis showed that the ecological value of study area was of instructional meaning to quicken ecological construction,perfect new rural construction plan and push sustainable development of agriculture in Heilongjiang reclamation area.