省级土地整治规划中复垦规划方法与实证研究——以山西省为例

Method and Empirical Research of Land Reclamation Planning in Provincial Land Consolidation Planning——A Case Study of Shanxi Province

当前我国正在开展新一轮土地整治规划编制,而土地复垦规划作为土地整治规划的重要内容,因损毁土地基数不清、复垦潜力评价方法单一、复垦目标确定不够科学等问题严重影响土地复垦规划编制的科学性。该文采用统计分析法、典型调查法、实证分析法和类比法,结合山西省的具体情况,将损毁土地划分为煤炭、金属、砖瓦窑、公路、铁路、水利水电、自然灾毁7个类型,具体采用单位产量损毁系数测算法、典型调查法和统计分析法测算损毁土地面积、采用定性与定量结合的方法进行复垦适宜性评价、综合考虑多方面因素确定复垦目标。研究表明:山西省各类型损毁土地基数5.06×105 hm2,待复垦损毁土地3.51×105 hm2,损毁土地可复垦耕地潜力1.55×105 hm2,规划期内确定土地复垦总目标3.0×104 hm2。基于省级土地整治规划中损毁土地测算、复垦潜力评价及复垦目标确定的方法体系的探索,可为土地整治规划中复垦规划的编制、实施、监管和评价提供参考,具有重要的理论意义和实践指导意义。

China is now implementing a new round of land consolidation planning,and land reclamation planning is taken as an important part of this practice.However,a series of problems including the unclear amount of damaged land,the single method for evaluating land potential for reclamation and the unreasonable determination of land reclamation goals have a great negative influence on scientific nature of land reclamation planning.Considering actual situations of Shanxi Province,statistical analysis method,typical survey method,empirical analysis method and analogy method was adopted to classify damaged land into seven types such as coal mining-induced,metal mining-induced,brick making-induced,highway constructing-induced,railway constructing-induced,water conservancy and hydropower-induced and natural disaster-induced damages.Specifically,the area of damaged land was calculated by calculation method of production per unit for damaged land area coefficient,typical investigation method and statistical analysis method,and land reclamation suitability was evaluated by combing qualitative and quantitative method,and land reclamation goals were comprehensively determined by multi-factor method.The results indicated that the area of damaged land in Shanxi province was 5.06×105 hm2,the reclaimed area was 3.51×105 hm2,and the reclamation potential for cultivated land was 1.55×105 hm2,and the total goal of land reclamation planning was 3.0×104hm2.By exploring the method system integrating calculation of damaged land area,evaluation of land reclamation suitability and determination of land reclamation goals in provincial land consolidation planning,thispaper can not only provide references for compiling,implementation,supervision and evaluation of land reclamation planning in land consolidation planning,but also have the important theoretical and practical significance.