调控肿瘤细胞自噬相关分子的研究进展

Related molecules for regulating autophagy of tumor cells

自噬是真核细胞中的重要生理过程，有助于细胞成分的正常更新。机体处于饥饿状态时，自噬不仅可降解蛋白质产生氨基酸、ATP等，为细胞存活提供条件，还能清除受损的细胞器，维持细胞正常机能。自噬功能的异常与肿瘤的形成发展密切相关，其程度过高或过低均会抑制肿瘤。现已发现自噬受多种分子调控，且作用结果各异。因此，对这些自噬相关分子作用机制的深入研究将成为进一步认识自噬的出发点和治疗肿瘤的突破口。

Autophagy is an important physiological process in eukaryotic cells and is contributive to normal update of cellular components. When the body is in hunger state, autophagy can not only produce amino acid and ATP through degrading proteins to provide conditions for cell survival, but also remove the damaged organelles to maintain the normal functions of cells. The abnormal functions of autophagy are closely related to the formation and development of tumors, and the degree which is too high or too low both can inhibit tumors. It has been found that autophagy is regulated by many kinds of molecules, and the results are different. So in-depth studies on the mechanisms of these autophagy-related molecules will become a starting point for further understanding the autophagy and a sally port for treating tumors.