气喷式免耕播种机的气喷作业机理研究

The Study of Air- jet Operations Mechanism of Air- jet No- till Planter

为了提高玉米和大豆的播种生产率和播种质量，进一步减小播种作业时对土壤环境的破坏，提出了播种速度最高可达10—12kin／h的气喷式高速免耕播种机的设计思路，重点研究了气喷播种的喷种作业机理、排种器快速排种技术和土壤高速耕作方式。与目前国内外其它类型的免耕播种机相比，所研究的气喷式高速免耕播种机采用高压气体喷射投种的方式进行播种，并利用新型排种器进行快速精密排种，可加快播种速度和种子落地速度，减少播种过程中漏种和缺种的几率，提高播种效率和播种质量，研究结果对提高玉米和大豆等农作物的播种生产率、增加粮食产量和保护环境具有重要意义。

The design idea of the air-jet high speed no-till planter whose sowing speed up to lOkm / h - 12km / h is proposed, in order to improve the planting productivity and sowing quality of corn and soybean, as well as to reduce the damage to the soil environment when planting operations, it focus on the operating mechanism of gas jet sowing, the rapid seed-metering technology of metering device and the high-speed farming methods on soil. Compared with other types of the current domestic and international no-till planter, the studied air-jet high speed no-till planter, using high-pressure air to inject seed and new seed-metering device to seed quickly and accurately, it can accelerate the speed of sowing and seed falling to the ground, reduce the rate of leaking and lacking in planting and, improve seeding efficiency and sowing quality. The result is very important to improve the productivity of crops planting such as corn and soybean, increase food production and protect the environment.