王小花在幼儿园为什么不适应?——一个农村幼儿转岗教师适应性个案研究

Why Doesn't Wang Xiaohua Adapt to the Kindergarten? An Individual Case Study of the Adaptability of a Transferred Rural Preschool Teacher

转岗教师是我国教师队伍中的一个新群体,农村幼儿转岗教师在新的工作环境(幼儿园)中的适应问题越来越受到教育界的重视,农村幼儿转岗教师在幼儿园中适应的好与坏影响着转岗教师自身和农村学前教育质量的发展。本文采用了叙事性研究的方法,访谈了一名刚转岗的农村幼儿教师,发现农村幼儿转岗教师不适应新工作的原因主要来自三个方面:第一,社会环境方面,幼儿教师职业地位低、职业压力大,入职支持体系、培训体系不健全;第二,学校环境方面,转岗教师与同事、领导的关系不和谐,与学生及家长的交流困难;第三,自身成长环境方面,职前接受的教育并非是专业化的学前教育以及家庭经济条件差带来的影响。针对农村幼儿转岗教师不适应新工作的原因,笔者从国家、幼儿园、转岗教师自身三个层面分别提出了建议。首先,政府方面应提高幼儿教师的工资收入水平,健全农村幼儿园转岗教师的各级入职培训体系;其次,幼儿园方面应转变管理方式并完善转岗教师园本培训,老教师与转岗教师建立一对一帮扶制度;最后,转岗教师自身要积极转变心态,同时制定自我学习方案,积极适应岗位的转变。

The transferred teacher is a new group in China. The adaptability of transferred rural preschool teacher in the new working environment （the kindergarten） has received more and more attention in the field of rural preschool education, which has seri- ously effects on the development of the teachers themselves and the improvement of the quality of education in rural preschools. This thesis approaches narrative research by means of interviewing a transferred rural preschool teacher, finding the reason that transferred rural kindergarten teachers cannot adapt to new work mainly lies on following aspects. Firstly, from the viewpoint of the social environ- ment, the profession of kindergarten teachers is one of low status and high pressure, and its recruit support system and training system are not sound;Secondly, at the point of the school environment, the relationship between transferred teachers and colleagues or leader- ship is unharmonious, it is difficult for them to communicate with students and their parents;Thirdly, as for their growth situation, they have not received specialized preschool education as well as the effect of low economic state family. According to the reasons above, the author put forward three proposals from the perspective of the state, the kindergarten and the transferred teachers themselves. First, the government should improve preschool teachers＇ wages, and perfect the training system of transferred rural kindergarten teachers at all levels （from the country to the kindergarten） ;then the kindergarten should change the ways of management and improve kindergarten - based training, establishing one - to - one support mechanism between senior teachers and transferred teachers ; Finally, transferred teachers should keep their attitude positively and teach themselves at the same time.