高铁高架车站候车环境噪声的数值预测

Numerical Prediction of Interior Noise of Waiting Hall of High-speed Railway Station

结合某实际高铁高架车站候车厅，分别建立候车厅的有限元、边界元模型与统计能量法模型，采用直接边界元法计算20-200Hz范围内的低频噪声，用统计能量法计算200--2000Hz范围内的高频噪声。计算结果通过实测结果进行验证，结果表明模型能够较准确地预测出候车厅内的噪声水平。进一步对候车厅各部分进行声学板块贡献度分析以及声腔子系统的声学贡献度分析，结果表明候车厅建筑顶棚对于候车厅内噪声的贡献水平最大，为候车厅的降噪提供指导。

In order to analyze the interior noise of the waiting hall of a high-speed railway station, a finite element model, a boundary element model and a statistical energy analysis model were established respectively in this paper. The interior noise of the waiting hall in a low frequency range from 20 to 200 Hz was computed by using direct boundary element method （DBEM）. The interior noise in a high frequency range from 200 to 2 000 Hz was calculated by using statistical energy method. The results of simulation were compared with measurement results. It was shown that these models are accurate for predicting the interior noise of the waiting hall. The panel acoustic contribution analysis （PACA） and the cavity subsystem acoustic contribution analysis were done for each portion of the waiting hall. It was found that the ceilings of the waiting hall have the largest contribution to the interior noise. Results of this work can be used as a guidance for noise reduction of waiting halls.