犯罪成立的法律标准之反思与重构——基于对情节要素的独立评价

Reflection and Reconstruction of the Legal Standard of Crime:Based on the Independent Evaluation of the Plot Elements

认定是否成立具体的犯罪是定罪活动的核心任务。传统刑法理论关于"犯罪构成是犯罪成立的充分条件"的命题,在犯罪概念与犯罪构成、定性因素与定量因素之间关系的处理上存在着"剪不断理还乱"的悖理与纠葛。合理解决此等困扰,只有突破犯罪成立标准的传统认识,将集中体现行为社会危害性程度的概括性情节因素置于犯罪构成之外独立评价,进而重新构建犯罪成立的法律标准,即"犯罪构成+情节非显著轻微=犯罪成立"。

Determining the establishment of specific crime is the core task of conviction activity. Tradition al theory of ＂the crime constitution is a sufficient condition for crime＂ proposition is irrational and chaotic in terms of the concept of crime, the constitution of a crime, qualitative factors and quantitative factors. Reasona ble solution to these problems lies in reconstructing the legal standard of crime, namely, ＂constitutive elements of crime ＋ unobvious tolerable circumstances = establishment of crime＂ by unyoking the traditional crime es tablishment standard, and independently evaluating the summery circumstances which epitomize the crime＇ s hazard to society.