吐伦球坚蚧生物学特性研究

Biological characteristics of Rhodococus turanicus( Archangelskaja )( Hemiptera: Coccidae)

吐伦球坚蚧Rhodococcus turanicus Archangelskaja是林果业重要害虫之一。2009-2012年,本试验通过田间调查与室内观察相结合的方法对吐伦球坚蚧的生物学特性进行了系统的研究。结果表明：吐伦球坚蚧在新疆轮台县1年发生1代,以2龄若虫群集固着于杏树1年~6年生枝条上越冬,该害虫的发育与杏树物候及当地气温关系密切。吐伦球坚蚧在田间的消长以若虫发生量最大,时期最长。单雌最大产卵量为3500粒,体重与产卵量的预测模型为：^Y=80790 X2＋11.874。卵的发育起点温度（C）9.15±0.1593℃;有效积温（K）290.17±4.876DD。若虫的平均孵化率为91.3%,初孵若虫可向光源爬行至3~4 m,主要选择在叶片背面固定取食,杏树落叶期若虫由叶片向枝条转移,多选择在3年~4年生枝条背面越冬。成虫雌雄性比约为1∶2,营两性生殖。

University;Luntai Forest Pest Management and Quarantine Station of Xinjiang Province; Rhodococus turanicus is one of main pests in forests and orchards. The paper investigated and studied biology characteristics by investigating in the field and observation indoor. The results showed that： R. turanicus occurred 1 generation one year,and overwintered as the 2ndinstar nymph fixing on the 1 ~ 6 years- old branches on the apricot in Luntai,Xinjiang. There was a close relationship between its appearance and apricot phenology, the local temperature. The nymph population was largest and sustained for long time in the field. The biggest fecundity was 3500. The fecundity could be predicted by female body weight（^Y = 80790 X 2 ＋ 11. 874）. The egg development threshold temperature was 9. 15 ± 0. 16℃; the accumulating effective temperature 290. 17 ± 4. 876 Degree days; The average hatching rate was 91. 3%. The nymph can move 3 ~ 4 m toward light,and attached to the back of leaves in making damage. The nymph move to the branches during the apricot defoliation,and most chose the lower half part of the 3 - 4 years old branches to overwinter. The sex ratio was about 1 ∶2,camp bisexual reproduction.