超声电解法制备超细金属粉的研究

Preparation of Ultrafine Metallic Powder by Ultrasonic Electrolysis

本文介绍了超声电解法制备超细金属粉的工艺方法 ;通过改变溶液浓度、超声功率、电流密度等条件 ,探索了制备超细铜粉和镍粉的工艺条件 ;用透射电镜 ( TEM)、X射线小角散射 ( SAXS)、X射线衍射 ( XRD)等对所得粉末进行了粒度的判别和结构分析。研究表明 ,在合适的条件下可得到 10 0 nm以下的铜粉和镍粉 ,并且粉末粒度随电流密度的增大而增大。粉末粒度与电流密度的这种关系与超声的空化作用机理有关 ,超声在制粉过程中不仅起到降低粉末粒度的作用 ,而且对沉积过程也有一定的影响。

Ultrasonic electrolysis process for preparing ultrafine metallic powder is investigated in this paper.By changing the parameters,such as the concentration of solute,ultrasonic power,electric current density et al,the preparation techniques of ultrafine copper and nickel powder was studied.By the means of TEM,SAXS and XRD,the size and structure was analyzed.Experimental results indicated that Cu and Ni powder less than 100 nm can be prepared under appropriate conditions,and that powder size increases when current density increases.This is caused by the caviation mechanism of ultrasound.In the process of powder preparation,ultrasound not only reduces the powder size,but also affects metal deposition.