叙事心理治疗理论解析

An Analysis of the Narrative Therapy in Psychological Treatment

叙事疗法主张,在治疗中通过帮助来访者多角度地重构自身叙事,挖掘过往经历的积极意义,从而产生治疗效果。从本体论的角度看,叙事心理治疗注重人的主体性的发挥,一反长久以来占据心理学的机械还原、生物还原论倾向。但是从存在论上看,由于新叙事的存在不能否定旧叙事存在的合法性,因此不能排除因旧叙事重新替代新叙事而导致原先心理问题复发的可能。所以,叙事疗法在治疗中更多作为一种备选手段而运用。

Narrative Therapy claims that with the help of reconstructing their past experience, the patient can find the positive significance of their lives and gain a therapeutic effect. From the ontological perspective, Narrative Therapy emphasizes the human subjectivity, argues against the mechanical and biological reduction- ism tendency in psychology. But from the ontological point of view, there still exists the possibility for the old story to replace the new one, since the existence of new story could not deny the existence of the old one. The possibility still exists that the old stories reoccupy the patient＇ s mind and incur the problems again. Therefore, the Narrative Therapy is often used as an alternative means in the clinical practice.