共同体伦理的失范与心灵创伤的治疗——评《没有色彩的多崎作和他的巡礼之年》

Community Ethics Anomie and Trauma Treatment: A Review of Haruki Murakami's Colorless Tsukuru Tazaki and Years of Pilgrimage

2006年获得弗朗茨·卡夫卡奖以后,村上春树成为诺贝尔文学奖的热门候选人。其文学特点在于,文体易于翻译,人物具有后资本主义社会的普遍性。新作《没有色彩的多崎作和他的巡礼之年》亦如此。这是一部讲述后资本主义社会中心灵创伤及创伤克服过程的作品。在过去十六年对过往的伤痕一直无法释怀,主人公为了克服心灵创伤,踏上了巡礼之程。故事由两大叙事结构组成,一是被共同体所驱逐的心灵创伤,一是治疗心灵创伤的巡礼。心灵创伤是主人公和谐伦理的丧失,而巡礼则是主人公通过和谐伦理的重建来治疗创伤以及获得重生的过程。

Haruki Murakami has widely been regarded as a leading candidate for Nobel Prize in Literature since he received the Franz Kafka Prize in 2006. The distinct features of his novels are easy to translate and are easily accepted to any post-capitalist societies. Colorless Tsukuru Tazaki and Years of Pilgrimage deals with the main character who is struggling with life due to his past scars stamped on his mind. After sixteen years of struggle, he goes on a pilgrimage to heal and re-generate his trauma. The scars of the past can be considered as the absurd power that has been en-forced to the individuals. This novel is mainly premised on the idea that everyone experiences the common trauma. And the main character that has got trauma goes on a pilgrimage on the grounds that the post-capitalist societies are void of ethicality. As the term ＂pilgrimage＂ indicates, the res- toration of ethics of the main character implies the healin~ and regeneration of trauma.