《红轮》与索尔仁尼琴思想的演变

The Red Wheel and the Development of Solzhenitsyn's Thought

《红轮》被索尔仁尼琴视为自己一生中最重要的一部作品。在漫长的写作过程中,作家对小说主题、结构、叙事重心以及核心人物等进行了诸多改动。它们格外清晰地反映出索尔仁尼琴如何从一位革命理论的狂热信徒转为激进政治的批判者,并进而反映出20世纪俄罗斯政治失序背后的精神混乱。作家在这部历史小说中对俄罗斯以至整个西方世界的现代性危机做出了反思,而斯托雷平的"平衡之路"可以说是他为俄罗斯未来寻找到的最后"谜底"。

The Red Wheel was regarded by Solzhenitsyn as the most important work in his life. He made lots of changes to the novel＇s theme, structure, narrative emphasis and central figures in its long creating process. These changes clearly reveal how he turned to be a critic of political radicalism from a firm believer in revolutionary theories, and then proceeded to trace the spiritual confusion behind the political disorder of Russia in the 20th century. Ultimately in this historical novel he reflected on the crisis of modernity in Russia and even the whole Western world, and Stolypin＇s ＂path of balance＂ was the final solution Solzhenitsyn found for the future of Russia.