我国中部6省城市中小学生疑似近视患病率与纬度分布

Prevalence of suspected myopia in six central provinces in China and its association with distribution of latitudes

目的分析中小学生疑似近视患病率与纬度分布的关联性，为制定科学有效的防近措施提供依据。方法描述2005年和2010年中部6省学生体质健康调研疑似近视患病率与纬度变化，采用X2检验分别分析各学段不同地区2次调研6省城市男女学生疑似近视患病率的差异及疑似近视率与纬度增高的变化趋势。结果2005年和2010年中部6省城市男、女学生疑似近视患病率差异均有统计学意义；且疑似近视率随纬度增高而增加，除2005年七一九年级男、女生外，变化趋势均存在统计学意义；男生变化趋势强于女生，低年级组学生比高年级组学生变化趋势强。结论疑似近视患病率在纬度较高的省份相对较高。应鼓励学生白天多在室外活动，尽可能多的接触阳光。

Objective To analyz the prevalence of suspected myopia in six central provinces in China and its association with distribution of latitudes,and to provide evidence for making effective preventive measures. Methods The chi-square statistics were used to explore the distribution difference of suspected myopia among elementary and secondary schools students, data were sourced from the Phydical Fitness and Health Surveillance of Chinese School Students in 2005 and 2010. Results The prevalence of suspected myopia among elementary and secondary schools students in six provinces were significantly different for both girls and boys. The prevalence of suspected myopia was increasing along with the raising of latitude, the trend in boys was stronger than girls, and the trend in lower grade students was stronger than higher grade sthdents＇. Conclusion The prevalence of suspected myopia seems to be higher in the provinces with higher latitudes, and it may be related to longer sunshine time in higher latitudes provinces. Children should be encouraged to spend as more time outside during daytime so as to prevent myopia.