大学生生命意义与心理健康的相关性分析

Relationship between meaning in life and mental health among college students

目的考察大学生生命意义与心理健康的相关性,为青少年心理健康的理论研究提供参考。方法采用生命愿景量表和一般健康问卷,对随机抽取的徐州市2所高校762名大学生进行调查。结果大学生生命意义感处于中等偏上水平(114.49±12.29),性别、城乡、年级之间差异有统计学意义,专业之间差异无统计学意义。大学生心理健康自我肯定因子处于中等偏上水平,忧郁和焦虑体验较少,且在性别、专业、年级、城乡之间差异均无统计学意义,在不同恋爱状况间差异有统计学意义;心理健康消极方面在性别、专业、年级、城乡、恋爱状况间差异均有统计学意义。生命意义各因子与心理健康各因子存在显著相关(P值均<0.01);生命控制感对自我肯定因子具有正向预测作用(23.0%),生命控制感、意义的追寻和消极生命意义对心理健康消极方面具有负向预测作用(23.6%)。结论生命意义对心理健康具有预测作用,生命控制感、对生命意义的看法和态度以及对生命意义的追寻均能在一定程度上反映出个体的心理健康状况。

Objective To investigate the relationship between meaning in life and mental health among college students, and to provide reference for youth＂ s psychological theory. Methods A total of 762 college students from Xuzhou areas were investigated with Meaning in Life Questionnaire and General Health Questionnaire （GHQ-20）. Results The average score of meaning in life was 114.49±12.29. There were significant differences of scores in gender, grade and living area, while no significant difference was found in majoring. Average score on self-affirmation of mental health among college students was 6.05, with few experiences of melancholy and anxiety. There were no significant differences of self-affirmation of mental health on gender, specialty, grade and city or countryside. There was significant difference in the self-affirmation of mental health on love status. Significant differences were found in negative aspects of mental health on gender, specialty, grade, living area and love status. Meaning in life had a strong correlation with mental health（ P〈0.01 ）. Life control had positive predictive value on self-affirmation（ 23%）. Life control, searching for meaning and negative meaning of life had negative prediction on negative aspects of mental health （ 23.6% ）. Conclusion Meaning in life could predict mental health, life control, attitude of meaning in life and pursuing meaning in life could partly reflect the individual＇s mental health