地下车库火灾产烟量对能见度影响的模拟分析

Simulation and Analysis of the Impact of Different Soot_Yields to the Visibility in the Underground Carpark

本文主要利用计算流体动力学CFD技术,对香港西九龙总站地下停车库火灾不同产烟量对能见度的影响进行了数值模拟分析。模拟结果表明:在火灾大小为2 MW的情况下,排烟系统的排烟量在9.6~20 m^3/s范围内,火灾较高产烟量(Ys=0.064)时,2.2 m清晰高度处的温度不超过60℃,但能见度低于10 m;在较低产烟量(Y_s=0.028)时,20 m^3/s的排烟能力能确保2.2 m清晰高度处的能见度大于10 m,可以提供人员安全疏散环境。合理选择火灾的产烟量是决定利用火灾工程方法计算排烟系统能力大小的关键.

The paper adopts CFD （Computational Fluid Dynamics） technology to numerically analyze the impact of different smoke generation rates to the visibility in the underground carpark in Hong Kong West Kowloon Terminal. Simulation results indicate that, when Soot_Yield is 0.064, the smoke temperature at 2.2 m height is lower than 60℃ and the visibility is below 10 m under the design conditions of fire size 2 MW and smoke extraction rate 9.6-20 m3/s. When Soot_Yield is 0.028, the smoke extraction rate 20 m3/s can ensure the visibility at 2.2 m smoke clear height is larger than 10m, which can provide the safety environment for pedestrian evacuation. It is the key issue to adopt reasonable smoke generation rate for the design of the smoke extraction system with fire engineering method.